The k factor is the most important and elusive variable of bending, because it varies both as a function of the material and according to parameters such as angle and tooling. Manufacturing rules modeling methods sheet metal features base flange thin geometry insert bends solid geometry convert to sheet metal sheet metal parameters bend allowance kfactor bend calculation bend deduction. For applications where it is not critical on thinner materials i use k 0. When metal is bent the top section is going to undergo compression. Standard kfactors can be found from your sheet metal supplier, online, or through real world testing. Type a value for the default wall thickness of sheet metal parts. However, you can modify k factor, bend allowance, and bend deduction per feature or per bend. If you are bending metal in house you can do testing to generate the k factorsbdba that your material, equipment and processes will need. Therefore, it will be important to have a design that. Specify an existing bend table as the default for new parts. In the flat patterned state i have the merge solids option selected off. This allows me to take the measurement of the length of the bend.
This mode is typical the material flow from the flange towards the. Typically the k factor is going to be between 0 and. The formula according to which developed length is calculated is. I would talk to your suppliers who will be manufacturing your parts and ask them for recommendations on k factors. In order to find the k factor you will need to bend a sample piece and deduce the bend allowance. Since the kfactor is based on the property of the metal and its thickness there is no simple way to calculate it ahead of the first bend. Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a vshape, ushape, or channel shape. When you select kfactor as the bend allowance, you can specify a kfactor bend table. All sheet metal workers know the importance of an accurate kfactor or bend allowance when it comes to design. You can do this in the propertymanager by selecting custom bend allowance and making selections.
Nov 25, 2009 k factor is used in defining the bend allowance, thus by using bend allowance tables it is possible to automatically set the kfactor for defined materials see gauge tables. Determining the k factor for sheet metal 12052008 9. The extensive use of metal sheets in construction sector for building roofs is boosting the global sheet metal market. Kfactors, yfactors, and press brake bending precision. The k factor is a physical value defining the ratio of distance from the inner side of the bend to the neutral layer and sheet metal thickness. Sheetmetal construction is the most common application for developments and intersections. Cstw, a leading metal service center with a strong reputation as a valued supply chain partner announced today its entry into a definitive merger agreement to be acquired by joseph t. K factor is used in defining the bend allowance, thus by using bend allowance tables it is possible to automatically set the kfactor for defined materials see gauge tables. Calculating bend allowance, bend deduction, and kfactor. The bend allowancebend deduction of the sheet metal specified in kfactor by configuring and utilizing a sheet metal gauge table, we can speed up the process of selecting the correct wall thickness based on gauge value and selecting. Sheet metal modules all of the modules listed below are included in the trainee guide and the instructors guide. Here is a good explanation of k factor and a spreadsheet for helping you determine the ones for your equipment and processes attached.
In order to find the kfactor you will need to bend a sample piece and deduce the bend allowance. The k factor is the ratio of the neutral axis location t to the material thickness mt. Moreover, the demand for sheet metals is anticipated to show consistent growth due to rising trend of using these products in architecture and interior decoration. Calculate k factor, bend allowance and y factor for sheet metal bending. I dont care about possibility to make falt pattern. Pdf the merger of transition metal and photocatalysis. The flat pattern feature in inventor is not all that accurate if you dont have the sheetmetal style set correctly to suit material, tooling and processes used to form the part. All you got to do is to go to style and standard editor and go to sheet metal unfold. However, you can modify kfactor, bend allowance, and bend deduction per feature or per bend. In sheet metal design, the kfactor is used to calculate how much sheet metal one needs to leave for the bend in order to achieve particular final dimensions. Typically, sheets of metal are sold as flat, rectangular sheets of standard size.
When metal is bent the top section is going to undergo compression and the bottom section will be stretched. Shows up in the property manger of the sheet metal feature in the bend allowance group box as bold text left of gauge table values. They can also be used to lengthen the punch holder. Now, you can make a new one with your expected k value.
In sheet metal design, the k factor is used to calculate how much sheet metal one needs to leave for the bend in order to achieve particular final dimensions. You can use the standard formula delivered with solid edge, one of the example formulas delivered in the solid edgecustom sheet metal folder, or your own custom formulas. Jordans introduction to sheet metal by jordan tadic why sheet metal. How to set up sheet metal gauge tables engineers rule. Our solidworks experts can setup your environment so that your team uses a comprehensive set of. Chapter layout and fabrication of sheet metal and. This mode of deformation is found mostly on smooth bottoms of shallow parts and in hydroforming processes. Sheet metal k factor user modification i also thought about referencing the parameters ui, which would work well also. Tool ribbon toolbarattributes step 01 choose the sheet metal attribute button step 02 set up the parameters as follows figure2 sheet metal attribute for k factor, it is allowed to gain the value in different ways. Consult the sheet metal fabricator about the ba bending allowance, radius and k factor some figures may be used based on a rule of thumb or based on other peoples experience, however, its best if the fabricator gives you the table with sheet material type, thickness and ba and k factor. In inventor this ratio determines the final size of the unfolded sheet metal part. It is essential that you used the measured values for the thickness and not the published values also, go here and run the search for k factors.
It is only one of the ways bend values can be determined. The main reason that i compared it ti the appearance ui is that it clearly has a standard library, you custom items, and also shows what is unique to the document. Determining the kfactor for sheet metal 12052008 9. The bend deduction is the amount the sheet metal will stretch when bent as measured from. To generate this flat pattern, you must consider the type and thickness of the material, grain direction, and machine setup for bending in order to develop standard bend allowance or kfactor values that are used in calculating the flat pattern. However, you can apply bend radius values that are different from the default. When you bend sheet metal, the neutral axis shifts toward the inside surface of the bend. I have idea to use sheet metal to avoid bend part option in standard modeling please imagine that i have curve which consists of 10 arcs, then i need to make 10 bending operations to get the wished shapethat is the reason why i am trying with sheet metals, but k factor makes a problems with material extension. Calculate k factor, bend allowance and y factor for sheet. Different degrees of curvature can be achieved, and it is described by a parameter called bend radius. The kfactor depends on many factors including the material, the type of bending operation coining, bottoming, airbending, etc.
K factor sheet metal, the ratio of location of the neutral line to the material thickness. I have to keep changing my bend allowance and k factor in autodesk inventor sheet metal when i model up my companies 2d drawings. Weve even developed our own inhouse tools, spreadsheets, or other cheat sheets to get close enough because no one wants to do the math each time. You can use the standard formula delivered with solid edge, one of the example formulas delivered in the solid edgecustomsheet metal folder, or your own custom formulas. When working in solidworks to create sheet metal designs, we will often need to know three important values.
The kfactor is a physical value defining the ratio of distance from the inner side of the bend to. A kfactor is a percentage multiplier for locating the neutral axis. Sheet metal market global industry analysis, size, share. The line where the transition from compression to stretching occurs is called the neutral axis. In reality, how a real metal part will stretch as it bends depends on a number of physical factors tooling, material homogeneity etc. Jun 25, 2019 mathematically k factor is equal to position of neutral axis divided by sheet thickness. K factor is actually the ratio of the offset t of the neutral axis from the inside bend and the thickness of the sheet t when a piece of sheet metal is bent. If you are bending metal in house you can do testing to generate the kfactorsbdba that your material, equipment and processes will need. As a result, metal typically cannot be formed into a true 90 degree corner. May 29, 20 for autodesk inventor users, i recommend that you set up multiple sheet metal styles for each bending scenario and name them to include the tooling and material details eg 1. When you flatten a sheet metal part, solid edge uses the active settings for the bend equation on the gage tab of the solid edge material table dialog box.
Now, you may be thinking, where this k factor is used. Shows up in the property manger of the sheet metal feature in the sheet metal gauges group box, under the table name. You can use the sheet metal gauge table to assign values for the whole part. Not sure where this shows up other than in this table. K factor is a ratio that represents the location of the neutral sheet with respect to the thickness of the sheet metal part. The kfactor in sheet metal working is the ratio of the neutral axis to the material thickness. Dec 27, 2016 when working in solidworks to create sheet metal designs, we will often need to know three important values. The metal along this axis does not stretch or compress during bending. The following isbn and pricing information is for ordering individual modules only.
It is necessary to set up a default attribute for sheet metal such as bend radius, k factor etc. Since the k factor is based on the property of the metal and its thickness there is no simple way to calculate it ahead of the first bend. To generate this flat pattern, you must consider the type and thickness of the material, grain direction, and machine setup for bending in order to develop standard bend allowance or k factor values that are used in calculating the flat pattern. Deciding on what k factor bdba to use comes from experience with bending metal. So if the thickness of the sheet was a distance of t 1 mm and the location of the neutral axis was a distance of t 0. The kfactor approximations given below are more likely to be accurate for air bending. Therefore the first step in any sheet metal process is to cut the correct shape and sized blankfrom larger sheet. Mar 02, 2010 i have to keep changing my bend allowance and k factor in autodesk inventor sheet metal when i model up my companies 2d drawings.
It is our standard practice to lay out our composite cutandfold panels using the using the sheet metal feature with the k factor set to. Registered users 82,600 forums 1 topics 45,395 replies 217 topic tags 4,402. Most sheet metal shops will produce their own bend tables by physically bending test pieces to specified angles and taking accurate. Manufacturing rules modeling methods sheet metal features base flange thin geometry insert bends solid geometry convert to sheet metal sheet metal parameters bend allowance k factor bend calculation bend deduction. Sheet metal enclosures are fabricated by cold forming, where the metal is clamped and bent in machines called press brakes. Download k factor lessthan90degreebends reverse k factor calculations.
Sep 28, 2015 kfactor a constant determined by dividing the thickness of the sheet by the location of the neutral axis, which is the part of sheet metal that does not change length. In sheet metal forming practice, we distinguish five basic modes of deformation. Kfactor elo rating system, a constant used in elo rating system kfactor marketing, the growth rate of websites, apps, or a customer base kfactor sheet metal, the ratio of location of the neutral line to the material thickness the k factor, a fictional tv show within harry hills tv burp. The k factor depends on many factors including the material, the type of bending operation coining, bottoming, airbending, etc.
Pdf bend allowance constants for use in sheet metal forming. The merger of transition metal catalysis and photocatalysis, termed metallaphotocatalysis, has recently emerged as a versatile platform for the development of new, highly enabling synthetic. I have idea to use sheet metal to avoid bend part option in standard modeling please imagine that i have curve which consists of 10 arcs, then i need to make 10 bending operations to get the wished shapethat is the reason why i am trying with sheet metals, but kfactor makes a problems with material extension. Response to question concerning k factors by material type and forming method. The k factor is defined as the ratio between the material thickness t and the neutral fibre axis t, i. Continuing our focus on sheet metal forming, this issue of dfm guidebook focuses on design guidelines for bend relief parameters, distance between holes and bends and offset bend material when a bend is made close to an edge. Kfactor a constant determined by dividing the thickness of the sheet by the location of the neutral axis, which is the part of sheet metal that does not change length. For autodesk inventor users, i recommend that you set up multiple sheet metal styles for each bending scenario and name them to include the tooling and material details eg 1. For details on how to customize k factor table, please refer to the table in installing. K factor marketing, the growth rate of websites, apps, or a customer base. Y factor and k factor represent part constants used in formulas to calculate the developed length of flat sheet metal required to make a bend of a specific radius. Mathematically k factor is equal to position of neutral axis divided by sheet thickness. The resulting flat pattern gives the true size of each connected area of the form so that the part or structure can be fabricated. Determining the kfactor for sheet metal cr4 discussion thread.
We use solidworks to model these parts currently but have started migrating to v5. Sheet metal overview common sheet metal terms term definition illustration neutral axis theoretical axis passing through the sheet metal part. The k factor in sheet metal is the ratio of thickness to the location of the neutral line in the metal cross section. The solidworks application also comes with a kfactor bend table in microsoft excel format. Kfactor is a ratio that represents the location of the neutral sheet with respect to the thickness of the sheet metal part. This chapter introduces you to basic sheet metal and fiberglass ductwork fabrication. K factor elo rating system, a constant used in elo rating system.
The k factor, a fictional tv show within harry hills tv burp. You will be introduced to the tools needed to work the sheet metal. The better the roux goes with all the ingredientsmaterial type, thickness, and grain direction. Deciding on what kfactorbdba to use comes from experience with bending metal. I would talk to your suppliers who will be manufacturing your parts and ask them for recommendations on kfactors.
K factor a constant determined by dividing the thickness of the sheet by the location of the neutral axis, which is the part of sheet metal that does not change length. Typically the kfactor is going to be between 0 and. Best way to calculate k factor is to do a simple experiment by cu. It is a kfactor calculator developed by the new zealand company knac solutions. You can use a sheet metal gauge table to assign values for the entire part. I had a question on k factors for our 3d modeling software. The yfactor is used, as far as i know, solely by ptcs proengineer, now known as creo elementspro. Response to question concerning kfactors by material type and forming method. A k factor is a percentage multiplier for locating the neutral axis. The solidworks application also comes with a k factor bend table in microsoft excel format. Let me make it clear that it is a very important term used in sheet metal design. If you design sheet metal parts, you may know that bend relief is a notch cut made into the. Determining the kfactor for sheet metal cr4 discussion. Autodesk inventor kfactor sheet metal cadline community.
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